Incandescent hydrocarbon-lamp.



No. 7|v4,472. Patented Nov. 25; |902. G. GALKm.

` INGMIDESCENT HYDBOCAHBUN LAMP.

(Application led Nov. 20. 1900.)

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`GrREGrOR GALKIN, OF ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA.

INCANDESCENT HYDROCARBON-LAM P.

. SPECIFICATION forming peru of Lettere Patent No. r714,472, dated November 25, 1902.

Application filed November 2OJ 1900. Serial No. 37,189. (No model.)

To alla/hom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, GREGOR GLKIN, a sub` s ject of the Czar of Russia, residing in` St. Pe t tersburg,Russia, have invented certain newl and useful Improvements in Incandescent Hydrocarbon-Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to incandescent lamp from liquid hydrocarbons, such as alcohol or the like liquidfuel, with air, and has for its main object `to provide a uniform sup ply to the vaporizing apparatus of the liquid fuel.

The invention consists in the combination, with an oil-reservoir and an air-receptacle exposed to the heat of the burner,`of a pressureregulator comprising a cylindrical box communicating with the oil-reservoir and constructed with a yielding top plate and a yield- 's ing bottom plate, avalve-cone suspended by `its stem from said yielding top plate, a seat for the valve-cone carried by said yielding bottom plate, and a chamber secured to the. t outside of the latter plate, so as to surround said valve-seat, and connected by a pipe with the air-receptacle.

,s In the accompanying drawings,Figu re l rep-` s the needle-valve and casing for supplying the `vapors and a side elevation of the needlevalve itself. Figs. 4: and 4a are respectively a vertical central section through the pressure-regulating valve and a plan view vof the same. Fig. 5 is a detail vertical section through a nipple connecting portions of the lamp; andFig. 6, is a vertical section, partly in` sideview, showing a modified form of the lamp.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts.`

1 A f R.eferringto Fig. 1, A indicates the body 0f lamps in which the-blue llame for heating the mantle is produced", by burning amixture ofl vapors produced by means of thel heat of the the lamp, which is shown in the form of alantern for street illumination.

o, is an air-receptacle located in the upper part of the lantern. It is closed to the atmosphere and serves for containing a bodyl of air to be expanded by the heat of the lamp.

b is an oil-reservoir which is located at the lower part of the lantern and closed to the atmosphere. The air-receptacle ais connected by a pipe c with the oil-reservoir b and by a branch pipe c with a pressure-regulating device d, which is connected through a pipe c with the oil-reservoir b, as shown in Fig. l. From a point near the bottom of the oil-reservoir b a pipe f passes upwardly through the top of the same and extends in upward direction alongside the frame of the lantern into an annular chamber g, arranged in the upper part of the lantern below the air-receptacle a. The lower end of pipe f is open. Its upper end is connected with one end ofa vaporizingtube t', which extends through the central open space formed by the air-chamber g below the air-receptacle a and projects at both ends into said chamber. The vaporizing- 'tube vl is provided 4at one end with an o|utletvalve 7c. From this valve the vapor is inj ected into areceiving-nozzle Z, adj ustably arranged within the air-chamber g at the upper end of a descending 4tube fm, projecting into said Ychamber and through which the vapors produced are conducted to the burner and incandescent mantle n. The pipe f is provided at a suitable point with a stop-cock h.

The operation of my improved incandescent lamp is as follows: To start the lamp, it is necessary to heat up the air-receptacle a. This can be readily done by means of a cup o, in which is poured a small quantity of alcohol. This is lighted by a taper, and the flame heats the receptacle ot. During the heating of the air in the air-receptacle ot the stop-cock his closed. By the heat of the alcobol-flame the air contained in the receptacle a, the pipes c and c', the pressure-regulating apparatus CZ, and the upper part of the oilreservoir b is caused to expand, and consequently to exert pressure upon the oil.

The preferred construction of the pressureregulator d is shown in detail in Figs. 4 and 4% It consists of a flat cylindrical vessel or box p, provided with a yielding bottom q and a yielding top r, formed by disks of steel or other suitable material. To the central part of the bottom q of boxp is secured a nipple s, which has formed in its under side a conical seat 152 for a conical valve-body t, arranged below and connected with the top plate o" of the box through the spindle t', which extends through a central bore of said nipple. The yielding top plate r of box p has fixed to it at its center a socket u, provided with an inner screw-thread, so as to receive a threaded hollow plug w, provided in its bottom with an interior spherical seat, in which is located a ball tr, which is secured to the upper end of spindle 15. A suitable plug w', provided with a spherical cavity atits under side, is screwed in the upper part of plug w to complete the bearing for the ball To the lower side of the nipple s is secured a socket u, forming a chamber around the valve-body, and this chamber communicates through branch pipe c' with the air-pipe c, descending from the airreceptacle a. When the pressure due to the expansion of the air contained in receptacle' a, pipe c, box p, and oil-reservoir b has filled the pipe f with oil from the latter, the cock h is opened and oil will be supplied to the vaporizing-tube. lf then the pressure of the air grows so as to overcome the resistance of the plates q and r, the latter are caused to bulge outward, and in doing so they move the valve-body and valve-seat toward each other, with the effect of reducing the passage for the air and finally closing the same when the pressure becomes too great. Consequently less'oil is supplied to the vaporizing-tube and less vapor produced, with the effect that the heat produced by the flame is diminished, which results in reopening the valve and reestablishing the normal air-passage, which is reduced again when the pressure again rises above the normal degree.

The vaporizer is shown on a larger scale in Figs. 2 and 2r. It consists of a tube t', to the middle portion of which-that is to say,

the part which is placed above the burneris fixed a perforated metallic disk t, the purpose of which is to collect heat from the ascending current of gases of combustion and to transmit the same to the Vaporizing-tube. The plate t" extends at both sides of the tube horizontally therefrom and is in contact with the tube-wall, the portions at each side forming horizontally-extended heat collecting and transmitting wings provided with a plurality of small perforations and constituting, in effect, lateral extensions of the tube-wall. By these means the tube becomes heated more effectively and more uniformly on a greater part of its length. Preferably the vaporizingtube is provided with an interior filteringlayer 3, of asbestos, which may be wound on a wire core 2 to facilitate insertion and removal, as the asbestos requires to be cleaned or replaced from time to time.

The oil-vapors generated in the vaporizing-r tube i take their issue through the outletvalve la. As shown in Figs. 3 and 3, on an enlarged scale, this valve is constructed as a needle-valve, the needle 5 being mounted on the slightly-conical end of a spindle 4, so that an annular shoulder is formed at the base of the needle. The spindle is adjustably held in the valve-casing, so that the needle can be caused to penetrate to any desired extent in the outlet-orifice 6 to adjust the area of the vapor-passage. When the spindle is entirely screwed down, the shoulder formed at the base of the needle rubs on the inner side of the outlet-opening 6 and cleans the same from adhering solid particles or deposited impurities. From the outlet-valve 7c the vapor is injected into the receiving-nozzle Z, drawing in with it a quantity of preheated air from the annular chamber g, fresh air being admitted to said chamber g through openings 7 7, provided in the top of same. The mixture of air and vapor thus produced passes down through the tube m to the burner and mantle n, where it is burned and heats the latter to incandescence.

Fig. 6 shows a modified arrangement in which the upper portion of the mixing-tube m', with its receiving-nozzle Z, and the supply-valve 7a' are arranged above the Vaporizing-tube t2, preferably in horizontal position, whereby a mixture of higher temperature is obtained.

For the purpose of producing a uniform heating of the air-receptacle a the products of combustion are conducted in upward direction through a channel 8, surrounding the airreceptacle a, above which they pass through apertures 9 to the outside.

In Fig. 5 are shown improved means for connecting the pipes c and f to the receptacles ct and I), respectively. In said figure, which shows as example the connection of the pipe f to the oil-reservoir b, said pipe is constructed with a conical enlarged end 10, which fits into a correspondingly-shaped seat formed in the upper end of a sleeve 1l, screwed at its opposite threaded end into the receptacle b, said end 10 being tightly pressed on its seat by means of a nut 12, screwed upon the upper threaded end of said sleeve and against the conical enlargement of tube f.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- In an incandescent lamp for hydrocarbon vapors, the combination, with the oil-reservoir and an air-receptacle, exposed to the heat of the burner, of a pressure-regulator comprising a cylindrical box communicating with the oil-reservoir and constructed with a yielding top plate and a yielding bottom plate,

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a valve-cone suspended by its stem from said yielding top plate, a seat for the Valve-cone carried by said yielding bottom plate, anda "chamber secured tothe outside of the latter t 5"f)late so as to surround said valve-seat, and connected by a pipe with the air-receptacle,

substantially as setforth. l

In testimony that I claim theforegoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing* Witnesses.

GREGOR GALKIN. Witnesses:

PAUL SCHULZ, GUSTAV LEHMANN. 

